Republic of Macedonia

 Republic of Macedonia (Macedonian: is located in South-East Europe within the small landlocked southern Balkans, east of Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro north west of Albania, south of Greece. As opposed to the Republic of Macedonia with Greece, most countries and the United Nations and other international organizations, the country now are being referred to as .
Republic of Macedonia, formerly part of Yugoslavia, now the capital and major city is Skopje. Since independence, Macedonia and Greece, the country name dispute issue, the problem has still to be resolved.
dispute
; Macedonia . Greece believes that the Slavic peoples (Slavic Macedonia) established by the State entitled to use the name as belonging to the Greek name of country. As the Greek protests, most countries in the world, the United Nations, the European Union, the International Olympic Committee Dengjun does not recognize the Republic, the United States, Russia and other former Yugoslav republics.
the early independence of the Republic of Macedonia, had used the flag, in ancient Greece,UGGs, Macedonia, Greece that the Republic of Macedonia has no right to use the flag. At the same time the Macedonian Constitution, which refers to Minority Affairs, and even in northern Greece have ambitions of territorial expansion.
For these reasons, the early independence of Macedonia, held in Athens, Greece and other places of mass demonstrations to protest the use of the Republic of Macedonia also began in February 1994 to the economic blockade of the Republic of Macedonia, the Republic of Macedonia's foreign trade hit. The Republic of Macedonia in September 1995 the final change in the flag and amend the Constitution (new section reiterates the territory of neighboring countries of Macedonia, without any claims), followed by Greece end the economic blockade. Although Greece, Macedonia, the deepening economic ties between the two countries, but the problem has not yet come to the country name solutions.

history of Greek civilization in ancient Macedonia, the northern end of the border areas, the place BC the rise of the 4th century Macedonian Empire had conquered Asia Minor, Persia, Egypt and other places, to spread Greek civilization throughout the Middle East.
Macedonia in northern Greece, from the upper and lower composition of the two regions of Macedonia. Macedonia is on a mountain plateau, and only Several passes with the outside world. under the Macedonian fertile land suitable for agriculture, is Macedonia's political, economic and cultural center, it is traditional for the Macedonia's suzerainty.
Macedonia's ethnic composition is complex. In the early Bronze era, a group of Greek speaking tribes moved to Macedonia, in batches, after gradually move south, but some people still remain in North Greece. may the 7th century BC, which left people in an occupation of Egypt, Macedonia mm cover, expansion into Macedonia under the coastal plain, forming a Macedonian state. They worship the Greek gods, especially the worship of Zeus and Hera, Chris. on the other Greek tribes in Macedonia and the Illyrians, who sent Ao Niya, Thracian mixed. On the whole, not pure Macedonian Greek, but there is history and relationship with the Greeks.
Macedonia on the road in the development of civilization, the Greeks much later than in the south of the step. In the Greek city-states had to achieve political, economic, cultural highly prosperous times, Macedonia has just entered the threshold of a civilized society. King is the owner of the land, the highest commander of the war, in foreign relations on behalf of the country. He is priests, judges and the Treasurer. but the power of his rule are subject to certain restrictions, the various tribes remained under considerable independence, with its own royal family and the tribal king, during the war as a nominal vassal king to send troops to fight. king hereditary throne, subject to approval by the people, the people also have the right to depose the king. related to cases of treason, to be tried by the people. Macedonians, mostly farmers and herders, but also are fighters. king selected him in the tribal aristocracy comrades in arms, comrades in arms to be completely loyal to the king, usually in palace affairs during the war with the king set off. From these comrades, the king of his selection and some composed of was under Persian rule. but the Macedonian king Alexander I (about BC 495m450) of dark-pass against the Persian invasion of Greek city-states, the Persian military intelligence report.
into the 4th century BC, Macedonia, northern Greece, leaped into the an important country. Macedonian kings to the introduction of their advanced culture and the Greek court, and the Greek city-state trade. the economic development of the Macedonian major changes have taken place, the village into a town, Pera became the largest city in Macedonia and capital of the Kingdom.
Macedonia is really powerful when Philip II. the early summer of 359 BC, Macedonian king's youngest son for the king before the election, the new King Philip's uncle as regent. Philip in his early years hostage in Thebes, and Thebes famous Ipanema close friend south to get to know. He was careful to understand the political situation in the states of Greece, diplomatic means and methods of warfare. This experience greatly to his later success. He was ordered in times of crisis. At this time, the situation in Macedonia is a bit confusing, trying out some territories and independent Macedonia, Philip's half-brother who is waiting for an opportunity compete for the throne. Philip the situation and able calmly and quickly stabilize the situation , won the prestige and power. may at this time, the Macedonian king who breaks a child, elected official for the King Philip, that Philip II (BC 359m336 years).
Philip drastic reforms, first of all strengthened the monarchy. He through conquest, marriage, the selection of his comrades, packet and other means to control the nobles of the tribes in their range, and to weaken their power. For the remote place, the annexation of the time is not ripe to Let the local maintenance of the old system. The conquest of the land is incorporated into Macedonia, and to support their forces there to strengthen the rule of Macedonia. raising his own status with the traditional, Chris claimed to be descendants of Hera.
army Philip conquest and domination is the most important tool. In order to improve the army's mobility and combat techniques, his military system on the basis of tribe, created mainly by the nobles and rich farmers formed a standing army, owned by the direct command of the king. Philip lessons at the end Bies military establishment characteristics, composition of a more intensive, in-depth square Macedonia. He strengthened the army's weapons and equipment, and established a powerful fleet. In short, Philip's military reforms in various branches of the military in Macedonia to better advantages, in coordination. Philip pacification of Greece, Alexander's expedition to the East, the Macedonian army military virtue is this.